Age-specific Prevalence of Antibodies to Hepatitis A in Children and Adolescents from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 1978 and 1995: Relationship of Prevalence to Environmental Factors

Age-specific Prevalence of Antibodies to Hepatitis A in Children and Adolescents from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 1978 and 1995: Relationship of Prevalence to Environmental Factors

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The age-specific prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis A virus (anti-HAV) was determined in two different population Sovereign CDS Premiums’ Reaction to Macroeconomic News: An Empirical Investigation groups with low socio-economic status from Rio de Janeiro city, Brazil, whose serum samples were collected 17 years apart (Population 1, 1978; Population 2, 1995).In Population 2, analysis of the anti-HAV prevalence was also carried out with respect to environmental factors.Population 1 was composed of 520 stored sera collected from the umbilical cord of term neonates and children aged 1 month to 6 years.

In population 2, 720 serum samples were collected from children and adolescents with ages ranging from 1 to 23 years.The overall prevalence rate of anti-HAV in Population 1 and Population 2 was 65.6% and 32.

1%, respectively.In Population 1, the anti-HAV prevalence reached 88% at the age of 3, while in Population 2, it increased from 4.5% in ECONOMIC REALITIES AND PROSPECTS OF BRICS AND G7 children under the age of 3 to 66% in the group of adolescents over the age of 14.

The low exposure to HAV infection in younger children from Population 2 could be a result of improved environmental hygiene and sanitation, as demonstrated by the presence of piped water, waste and sewage disposal systems in most houses from this population group.These findings indicate a possible change in the prevalence of hepatitis A in Rio de Janeiro.